12 Most Common Cat Health Problems Explained

We all know how much joy these furry little creatures bring into our lives, but what happens when our beloved pets start experiencing health issues?

From hairballs to urinary tract infections, there is a myriad of health problems that can afflict our feline friends.

In this blog post, we’ll take a closer look at some of the most common cat health problems and what we can do to help keep our kitties healthy and happy.

Cat Health Problems

The following are some of the most common cat health problems you should know:

1. Hairballs

Hairballs are a common health issue for cats, as cats spend a significant portion of their day grooming and bathing themselves, and as a result, they swallow a lot of their own hair.

When the hair doesn’t digest properly, it can accumulate in the cat’s stomach and form a hairball, which can have a range of symptoms, including vomiting, gagging, retching, constipation, loss of appetite, and lethargy.

To prevent hairballs, it is important to help cats remove loose hair through regular brushing and grooming, also feeding your cat a diet high in fiber can also help move hair through the digestive system and prevent blockages.

In severe cases, medication or surgery may be necessary to remove a hairball, in addition, there are several over-the-counter remedies that can help prevent hairballs, including hairball control foods, treats, and supplements.

These products contain ingredients that help lubricate the digestive tract and promote the passage of hair through the system, if you notice that your cat is vomiting frequently or has other symptoms of hairballs, it is important to consult with a veterinarian for proper diagnosis and treatment.

2. Dental Problems

Dental problems are a common health issue in cats and can be caused by a variety of factors. Periodontal disease, in which the tissues supporting the teeth become inflamed due to the buildup of plaque and tartar, is one of the most common dental problems in cats.

Other causes of dental problems in cats may include broken or fractured teeth, oral tumors, or tooth resorption. Preventing dental problems in cats involves establishing good dental hygiene practices.

This can include regular teeth cleanings performed by a veterinarian, brushing your cat’s teeth at least once a day, and providing your cat with chew toys or dental treats that help to remove plaque and tartar.

Solutions for dental problems in cats may vary depending on the specific issue. In cases of periodontal disease, treatment may involve scaling and polishing teeth to remove plaque and tartar, or extraction of damaged or infected teeth.

Treatment for broken or fractured teeth may involve root canal therapy or extraction. Oral tumors may require surgical excision or other specialized treatments.

Treatment and solutions to dental problems in cats vary depending on the specific dental problem, so it is important to consult a veterinarian if you suspect your cat is experiencing any dental issues.

3. Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs)

Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) are a common health problem in cats, and they occur when bacteria enter and infect the urinary tract, including the bladder, urethra, and kidneys.

In cats, UTIs are more common in females and can happen at any age, and can be caused by various factors such as stress, dehydration, poor hygiene, and some underlying diseases such as diabetes, kidney diseases, and cancer.

Prevention of UTIs can be done by helping cats maintain good hygiene, providing clean water at all times, feeding a well-balanced diet, and encouraging urination by providing a clean litter box in a quiet environment.

Treatment of UTIs in cats often involves antibiotics to kill the bacteria causing the infection. Other supportive therapies like increased fluid intake may also be recommended.

Seeking veterinary care is always recommended in case of any health concerns or suspicions of UTIs in your cat.

4. Obesity

Obesity is a common cat health problem and is caused by a variety of factors, including a sedentary lifestyle, overfeeding, and poor nutrition.

Keep in mind that Obesity in cats can lead to a range of health problems such as diabetes, arthritis, and heart disease, which can impact their quality of life and longevity.

Preventing obesity in cats involves promoting an active lifestyle and providing a healthy diet specifically tailored to their dietary needs.

Providing appropriate portions of food, reducing high-calorie treats, and making sure that cats receive adequate exercise are all essential in preventing obesity.

Weight loss programs can be implemented for overweight or obese cats by gradually reducing their calorie intake, increasing their exercise, and encouraging more play and exercise.

A gradual weight loss, typically 1 to 2% per week, through a combination of diet and exercise is recommended.

Ensuring that your cat maintains a healthy weight can positively impact their overall health and quality of life, leading to a happier and healthier cat.

If you’re unsure how to manage your cat’s weight, it’s best to consult with your veterinarian, who can provide guidance and help tailor a weight loss program specific to your cat’s needs.

Learn more about the signs your cat is overweight.

5. Diabetes

Diabetes in cats is a common health problem, and it is caused by a lack of the hormone insulin, which results in high blood sugar levels. This disease can lead to various complications that can affect a cat’s health if left untreated.

Common symptoms of diabetes in cats include increased thirst, increased urination, weight loss, and lethargy. There is no definitive cause of feline diabetes, but obesity and genetic predispositions are two common risk factors.

Prevention and management of diabetes in cats include proper diet, regular exercise, and frequent monitoring by a vet.

A healthy diet and sufficient exercise are key to keeping a cat’s weight under control, which can help prevent diabetes and manage it in cats that already have the disease.

Additionally, cats with diabetes may require insulin therapy, medication, or dietary supplements to manage the disease.

Working with a veterinarian to develop and maintain a treatment plan is essential to ensure a cat with diabetes remains healthy and happy.

6. Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism is a common health problem in cats that is caused by the overactivity of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland is responsible for producing thyroid hormones, which regulate the body’s metabolism.

In cats with hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland produces too much hormone, which can lead to a wide range of health problems, including weight loss, increased appetite, vomiting, hyperactivity, and heart problems.

The exact cause of hyperthyroidism is not known, but it is more common in older cats. Some studies suggest that environmental factors, such as exposure to chemicals or radiation, could be contributing factors, but more research is needed.

Prevention of hyperthyroidism in cats is difficult because the exact cause is unknown. However, early detection and treatment can help to manage the disease and prevent complications.

Routine veterinary check-ups and blood tests are important for detecting and monitoring hyperthyroidism in cats.

Treatment options for hyperthyroidism in cats include medication, surgery, and radioactive iodine therapy.

Cats can also be treated with a therapeutic diet that is low in iodine, which can help to manage the disease and prevent complications.

Learn more about cat behaviors after vet visits.

7. Vomiting and Diarrhea

Vomiting and diarrhea are common health problems in cats and can be caused by a variety of factors such as infections, dietary issues, allergies, or underlying medical conditions.

While they can be mild and resolve on their own, in some cases they can indicate a more serious problem that requires veterinary attention.

To prevent vomiting and diarrhea in cats, it is important to ensure that they have a healthy, well-balanced diet and access to clean water at all times.

It is also important to keep their environment clean and prevent exposure to harmful toxins or substances that could cause gastrointestinal issues.

Regular veterinary checkups can help identify and address any underlying health issues that could contribute to vomiting and diarrhea.

If your cat does experience vomiting or diarrhea, it is important to monitor their symptoms and seek veterinary care if they persist for more than 24–48 hours, and are accompanied by other concerning symptoms like dehydration or lethargy, or if your cat has any underlying health conditions that put them at higher risk.

Treatment may include dietary changes, medication, or other interventions depending on the underlying cause and severity of the symptoms.

8. Upper respiratory tract infection

Upper respiratory tract infection (URI) is a common health problem in cats, especially in shelters or multi-cat households. It is a viral infection that affects the nose, throat, and sinuses, similar to the common cold in humans.

The virus is highly contagious and can spread through airborne transmission, physical contact, or shared objects. Common symptoms of URI in cats include coughing, sneezing, runny nose, watery eyes, and lethargy. In severe cases, URI can cause pneumonia or other complications.

The most common cause of URI in cats is Feline herpesvirus-1 (FHV-1) and Feline calicivirus (FCV). These viruses can weaken a cat’s immune system, making them more susceptible to bacterial infections. Stress, poor nutrition, and overcrowding can also increase the risk of URI in cats.

Prevention of URI in cats includes regular vaccinations against FHV-1 and FCV and keeping a cat’s environment clean and stress-free. Avoid contact with sick cats and wash your hands frequently to prevent the spread of the virus.

Treatment for URI in cats includes supportive care, such as good nutrition, hydration, and rest. Bacterial infections may require antibiotics. Severely ill cats may require hospitalization for intravenous fluids or oxygen therapy.

9. Cancer

Cats can develop different types of cancer, including lymphoma, mammary tumors, and squamous cell carcinoma.

Signs of cancer in cats can vary depending on the type and location of the tumor. It’s important to monitor your cat for any unusual lumps, bumps, or changes in behavior or appetite.

Early detection and prompt veterinary intervention, including diagnostic tests and treatment options such as surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy, can provide the best chance for successful management of cancer in cats.

10. Heart Disease

Cats can suffer from various heart conditions, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (thickening of the heart muscles) and congestive heart failure.

Symptoms of heart disease in cats may include difficulty breathing, coughing, lethargy, and loss of appetite.

Early detection through regular veterinary check-ups, diagnostic tests such as echocardiography, and appropriate management, including medication and a heart-healthy diet, can help improve the cat’s quality of life and slow the progression of the disease.

11. Kidney Disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition that commonly affects aging cats.

Early signs may include increased drinking and urination, but as the disease advances, cats may experience weight loss, poor appetite, vomiting, and lethargy.

Managing CKD involves dietary changes, medications to support kidney function, and regular monitoring of bloodwork and urine tests to assess kidney health and adjust treatment accordingly.

12. Parasites

Cats can be affected by external parasites like fleas and ticks, as well as internal parasites like ear mites and intestinal worms (such as roundworms and hookworms).

These parasites can cause itching, skin irritation, anemia, and even transmit diseases.

Regular preventive measures such as using topical treatments for fleas and ticks, cleaning your cat’s ears, and administering deworming medications can help protect your cat from parasitic infestations.

Learn more about caring for your cat.

Common ways to prevent cat health problems

Here are some common ways to prevent cat health problems:

1. Regular Vet Checkups: Regular veterinary visits are crucial in maintaining your cat’s health. A veterinarian can detect or even prevent possible health problems with early detection.
2. Vaccinations: Vaccinations are essential in preventing common feline diseases such as distemper, leukemia, and rabies. Your cat should receive important vaccinations at appropriate intervals.
3. Good Nutrition: Feeding your cat a well-balanced diet is key to maintaining good health. A healthy diet helps cats maintain good digestion, strong immune systems, and a healthy weight.
4. Hydration: Providing clean and fresh water for your cat can help reduce the risk of urinary tract infections. You can also add water to their wet food to help maintain hydration.
5. Litter Box Management: Regular cleaning of your cat’s litter box can help reduce the risk of infections, unpleasant smells, and cat stress.
6. Dental Hygiene: Ensuring proper dental health through regular brushing or providing your cat with dental treats and toys can promote optimal dental hygiene.
7. Environmental Enrichment: Providing your cat with environmental enrichment activities such as toys, scratching posts, and playtime can reduce stress and promote physical activity.
8. Preventing Parasites: Fleas, ticks, and worms can cause multiple health problems; use preventative treatment to keep them at bay.
9. Spaying and Neutering: Spaying and neutering can help reduce behavior issues, reduce the risk of certain cancers, and increase your cat’s lifespan.
10. Safe Environment: Ensure a safe living environment for your cat with measures like securing windows, keeping toxic substances out of reach, and avoiding plants that may be toxic to cats.

Learn more about how to identify a sick cat.

Conclusion

In conclusion, keeping our feline friends healthy is crucial for their well-being and our peace of mind.

Regular check-ups with a trusted veterinarian, a nutritious diet, and plenty of love and attention can help prevent and address common cat health problems.

By staying informed and proactive, we can ensure that our furry companions live long, happy, and healthy lives. So, let’s give our beloved cats the care they deserve and enjoy their company for years to come!

Learn more about the signs your cat is dying.